1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• For the current period of analysis (September 2025), and for the first projection period (October 2025 to January 2026), the Famine Review Committee (FRC) concluded that the classification of the towns of El Fasher and Kadugli in IPC Phase 5 (Famine, with reasonable evidence) is plausible. In the besieged town of Dilling, although the situation might be similar to that of Kadugli besieged town, the FRC was unable to determine whether a Famine (IPC Phase 5) classification is plausible due to extremely limited data availability.

• Uncertainty around the evolution of the conflict in the coming weeks and months raises a risk of Famine in areas surrounding the three towns, including Tawila, Melit and At Tawisha localities and the Western Nuba Mountains.

• Famine and the risk of Famine are urgent priorities, but they are only the most severe symptoms of a far broader and deepening crisis affecting millions across Sudan.

• This is a man-made emergency, and all steps needed to prevent further catastrophe are clear. Exert maximum diplomatic pressure on the parties to the conflict and their international supporters for a ceasefire and an end to the blockades —and ultimately an end to the conflict itself. Full humanitarian and commercial access should be enabled and local aid efforts strengthened.

• Given the scale of the crisis and the limited resources, humanitarian aid can only prevent famine temporarily and in limited locations unless these wider causes are addressed.

Famine has spread to two new regions in Sudan, including a major city in the Darfur region where a militia has reportedly carried out mass killings and sent tens of thousands fleeing in the last week.

El Fasher in western Darfur, and Kadugli in South Kordofan province, are now officially suffering from famine, the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) confirmed on Monday. Twenty other areas in the regions of Kordofan and Darfur are also at risk, the international body added.

Famine has spread to two regions of war-torn Sudan, including a major city in Darfur where paramilitary fighters have been rampaging, a global hunger monitoring group said Monday, as the war has created the world‘s largest humanitarian disaster.

The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, the leading international authority on hunger crises, said famine has been detected in el-Fasher in Darfur and Kadugli town in South Kordofan province. Twenty other areas in Darfur and Kordofan, where fighting has intensified in recent months, are also at risk of famine, according to the IPC.