Zain Raza: Before we come to an end, there‘s a couple of questions, but we better move now on to some foreign policy in terms of Germany. Germany has strong economic interest in the Middle East. To name a few examples: it is selling tanks to Saudi Arabia and it‘s providing submarines toIsrael. What implications do these relationships have on democracy and security of the population there?

Noam Chomsky: I think they harm the security of the population. Take the submarines. These dolphin class submarines that Germany is providing to Israel are instantly refitted in Israel to have nuclear weapons capacity, and that‘s not aimed at defense of Israel. Nuclear armed submarines don‘t defend Israel. They are meant for attack, that‘s what they are. And we know what attack they‘re aimed for in the short run: an attack on Iran in the gulf. That‘s a terrible threat, not only to the Iranians, but to the world. And Israel, after all, has a doctrine, an official doctrine. They say, they‘re free to attack Iran if they choose to.